Capital budgeting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Capital budgeting - Essay Example In addition, NPV approach provides a clear indication on how the profits will be obtained, unlike IRR and payback approaches. Therefore, the NPV is the most useful tool in project valuation (Arthur, 2014). Of the three techniques (NPV, IRR, and payback period, the least useful tool to use is the IRR, because discount rate has an inverse relationship with NPV. When NPV continues to increase, the anticipated future cash flows become less valuable and hence making IRR least useful tool to use in project valuation. On the other hand, payback approach is the second least useful tool to use after IRR. The Payback period indicate how long the cash flow obtained from the project will recover the initial capital outlay. In addition, the payback period fails to indicate the amount of cash flow to be generated from the project. However, it is the simplest method of calculating project forecast (Arthur, 2014). The answer would not be the same because a negative NPV will be obtained when cost of capital increases from 14% to 25%. It means that as the cost of the capital increase the return obtained from the project decreases significantly up to a negative (Peterson & Fabozzi,2002). Such decrease makes the project un-profitable and, therefore, it is advisable for the EEC not to invest when cost of capital increases to 25%. If EEC did not save an even cash flow of $500,000 per year, the answer would be the same.The least amount of investment that would make this investment attractive to EEC is $100,000. From the above scenario, the EEC would be willing to pay the supplier $2000, 000. The president of EEC should be aware that if the cost of capital increases as discussed above, the underlying effect is a negative NPV. It means that the project will be no longer profitable to the company (Arthur, 2014). If the expected savings are less than $500,000 per annum, it will be difficult for the ECC to pay its supplier a capital of $2000, 000, and

History Essay Example for Free

History Essay 1.   In your opinion, who started the Cold War? Explain in 5 sentences. In one opinion, the Cold War was not started by one side or the other.   The Cold War was more of a culmination of political, cultural and ideological differences than anything else(Pierpaoli).   This being said, in fairness, both the West and the East provoked hostilities during the Cold War through various attempts to promote their respective political systems throughout the world.   Ultimately, the Cold War was not decisively won by the West; rather, the West was able to hold out longer than the East. 2.   List three major prolonged conflicts in the Cold War. During the Cold War, three major prolonged conflicts that erupted were the Korean War (1950–1953); the Vietnam War (1946–1975); and the war in Afghanistan (1979–1989)(Pierpaoli). 3.   How did the Cold War influence society and culture? 3 sentences The Cold War influenced society and culture in many ways.   Culturally, the Cold War gave birth to an entire genre of literature and motion pictures/television- the classic story of the â€Å"secret agent†.   In terms of society, the Cold War divided society in terms of whether people, in both the East and West, supported capitalism or communism, and the many facets that each system offered (Pierpaoli). 4.   Evaluate the role of technology on the Cold War. Technology also played a role in the Cold War.   It was through surveillance technology that the United States was able to protect itself from Soviet aggression, such as the detection of missile sites in Cuba, a mere 90 miles from the US mainland (Pierpaoli).   Technology also helped the Soviets to detect an American U2 spy plane within their airspace- an incident which almost sparked World War III.   Lastly, and perhaps most importantly, the nuclear weapon technology which both the US and USSR possessed held the potential to destroy the planet. 5.What was Watergate and how did it influence the Vietnam War? Briefly describe. When one speaks of Watergate, they are usually referring to illegal actions taken by President Richard M. Nixon. Watergate is said to have begun when Nixon ordered one of his closest advisors, Henry Kissinger, to tap the telephone of a New York Time reporter in order to try to determine who was â€Å"leaking† information to the media about a secret bombing mission in Cambodia (Greene).   This influenced the Vietnam War in that the public learned of the many outrageous secret missions of the American military in Vietnam, raising public opposition to the war itself. 6.`A Short History of Terrorism,` write a paragraph explaining the difference in modern `terrorism` and its historical antecedents given in this article. The single most remarkable difference modern terrorism and its historical antecedents is the fact that modern terrorism is not meant to advance the agenda of a particular nation, but is driven by the belief by many Middle Eastern nations that the United States is an evil empire which God would like to see destroyed (Greenberg).   This type of religious zeal gives modern terrorism its sharp teeth and deadly venom. 7. Write a brief essay explaining your views on whether America should move beyond Affirmative Action at this time. Support your position. America should move beyond Affirmative Action for several key reasons; first, as we have seen in recent months, opportunities have opened up for minorities from the most powerful office in the United States to the areas of entertainment, the media, and the average job in any city in the nation.   Additionally, the increasing cultural diversity of America is transforming the demographic of the nation so that rather than minorities (Gryphon), there are any number of â€Å"mini-majorities† in place, thereby making favoritism for any given group both outdates and unnecessary. 8. Did women have a positive role in the progressive movement even before they had the right to vote? What was it? Describe briefly. Women most definitely had a positive role in the progressive movement even before they had the right to vote because it was the women in society which held families together as men worked outside of the home for long hours, making the woman the essential person who fed/mentored the children, etc.   It was in roles such as these that women were already asserting superiority before they could cast a ballot (Friedan). 9. Did the U.S. do everything it could to help the Jews in Europe? Is our current foreign policy a reaction to this situation? Briefly describe. In the final analysis, the US did not do everything it could to help the Jews in Europe, as there is evidence to suggest that the American government knew about the plight of Jews in Europe for several years before getting involved to protect the lives and interests of European Jews.   In a way, it can be said that our current foreign policy is a reaction to this past situation, as the US is both trying to prevent any aggression against the Jews of the magnitude of that of the past in Europe, and also compensating Jews for past injustices. 10. What were the roles of television and advertising in creating the consumer society of the post-World War II world? Briefly describe. Television and advertising created the consumer society of the post-World War II world, as they both shared with millions of war-weary Americans a wide variety of products that were now available after years of rationing and scarcity due to the war effort.   This led to a consumer society, as American people not only grabbed the items that they needed and could not get for many years, but also those new items that had not been available before.   All of this made the nation one of hardcore consumers, a trend that continues today.

SWOT Analysis of Singapore Tourism

SWOT Analysis of Singapore Tourism Tourism is at its rapid expanding stage which most of people now in the 21th century are traveling and visiting attractions all around the world. There are so many states which are Africa, the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ½Americas, East Asia and the Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and South Asia, within all this region there are so many countries and states that can be counted as a tourism destination and attraction as long as it is accessible to people there will be tourist. Singapore has one of the largest service sectors in tourism. For Singapore to take this advantage as a tourism destination, it has contributed 3% of Singapores GDP which has generated some of US$ 9.4 billion. Being one of the most popular countries in Asia, Singapore has been growing very rapidly for the past few years. With the help of the tourism industry, it has strengthened the infrastructure developments, in addition of various events and the countries strategic location in the heart of region. This shows how much the role of tourism industry can play in Singapores economy. To ensure that tourism remains a key economic pillar, a bold target, Tourism 2015, was unveiled in the year 2005. The objectives of Singapore is to triple the tourism receipts to US$ 30 Billion, doubling visitor arrivals to 17 Million, and creating an additional 100,000 jobs in the services sector by 2015, according to Opportunities in Singapore Tourism Industry (2007-2009). Having all these advantages, the n egatives are also a factor to look at so by doing this research; I will have a better view on the impacts, advantages and disadvantages. http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/463815/opportunities_in_singapore_tourism_industry_2007 1.3 Literature Review In the few books I have read like Tourism in South-East Asia, Tourism impacts, planning and management and Tourism management: managing for change. These books are written by the following authors Peter Manson, Michal Hitchcock and Stephen Page. The content of the book have the different kinds of effects from tourism and changes countries have to face and how can they cope with it. I felt that many of the fact that are stated in the books are very agreeable like in the Tourism impacts, planning and management book written by Peter Mason The impacts of tourism can be positive or beneficial, but also negative or detrimental. Whether impacts are perceived as positive or negative depends on the value position and judgment of the observer of the impacts. This shows that no matter how people research on any of the impacts there are always another way to view positive to a negative and negative to a positive. For the Tourism management: managing for change by Stephen Page quoting It is wide ly recognized that a range of factor impact upon the success or failure of visitor attractions as tourism enterprises. This has to be viewed against growing visitor expectations during their visit and the need for attractions to improve standards in many countries worldwide. what I have understood is the tourist has ever changing taste and to keep up countries have to upgrade or maintain what they have now or they would lose out. By using the research question expanding the search of the topic would be a clearer view of achieving the objective. 1.4 Source of information Tourism is now a very vase integrated subject involving many sectors. So by researching information on Books like Tourism in South-East Asia, Tourism impacts, planning and management and Tourism management: managing for change the books tells how and what are the different situations. The other source would be from the internet where I can find millions of information regarding tourism and destinations. Using the search engine Google I would search the key word from: Tourism Impact, Singapore tourism, future of Singapore 2015. With just these few words I am able to get a few data on tourism. Because of a limitation of time I can only use the secondary research data on all that are done. Questions 1 What makes Singapore a popular tourism destination? 2 What are the challenges faced by Singapore as a tourism destination? 3 What are the impacts of tourism? 4 How will Singapore maintain its popularity in the future? Objectives To analyze what attracts tourist to Singapore and why To understand what challenges faced by Singapore in attracting tourist Evaluating impacts of tourism on Singapore To find what Singapore will do to keep up with other countries in the future. 1. What makes Singapore a popular tourism destination? Although Singapore is a small country, the amount of entertainment is compatible to other countries. Being one of the leading tourist destinations in Asia and with millions of visits every year, Singapore is also popular for business traveling destination because of the large number of exhibitions and conferences are organized every month in Singapore. A destination is a place which is created for a purpose, that is what Singapore have done they have created a destination where tourist comes to visit. The following attractions are made or modified in a way so that it can accommodate people. To stay popular Singapore have keep up with the trend of others and improving and expanding it. Examples like allowing casinos to be built when the pass few years which has been denied many times. The main categories of the popularity in Singapore now are listing bellow: -Attraction -Stability -economical -cosmopolitan -Events -Festival What I think is of how Singapore has to struggle to survive in the economic sense. Singapore have made it big and achieved a better economic structure but all these comes with a price they have to get a number of people to work in the attractions but also entertain the tourist so the number of people that are working in the tourism industry in Singapore is high resulting a high in reliance on tourism. SWOT part1 (S)trengths Leading tourist destinations in Asia popular for business traveling Rich in economy Safe (O)pportunities Strategic location Tourists arrivals Tourism receipts Outbound tourism Outbound tourism expenditure Medical tourism industry MICE industry (W)eaknesses Small country Limitations on amount of visitors Limited resources Manmade attractions Limited natural environment (T)hreats Countries mimic Terrorism 3 What are the impacts of tourism? 1.5 Methodology PESTE Political, economical, socio-cultural, technological, environmental The six elements of the tourism have is advantage however the disadvantage are high too in order to understand it we have to look at two different perspective which is the positive and negative. Everyone have different perspective no matter how good a situation is there is always a downside. (P)olitical Positive More order in country Improve diplomatic ties Negative Terrorism Strict reinforcement (E)conomic Positive Contributes to income and improve standard of living. Improves local economy Increases jobs that decreases unemployment rate Increases tax revenues. Improves infrastructures Increase investors http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_positive_economic_impacts_of_tourism Negative Increase in food, land, houses would be more expensive for the locals Part-time, semi-skilled, poor paid and taking away traditional jobs Seasonal jobs such as these could then possibly lead to high rates of unemployment. Dependent on the tourism Inflation Leakage (S)ocio-culture Positive Traditional art or handicraft result from tourist Responsible cultural tourism experience and understand new culture reduce negative perception tolerance integrated world culture pride Negative language barrier pick up bad habits cultural conflicts loss culture identity (T)echnological Positive improvement in technology improve in booking system which leads to easier booking so therefore a increase in tourism able to get information easily online Negative increase in scam might have a negative perspective on a country after reading reviews (E)nvironment Positive increase in national park for tourist limited damage / even limited damage still does damage increase awareness of maintaining nature partly because of profit because when maintained more tourist would come back to visit again http://www.gdrc.org/uem/eco-tour/envi/four.html Negative Pollution from more vehicles demand litters dropped by visitors disturbance of natural habitats and cause damages the landscape land clear for more attractions/ amenities heavy usage on resources 4. How will Singapore maintain its popularity in the future? Singapore to compete with other countries would be a challenge but it has made it. Being 1st in doing what others could not. Examples like that F1 Night race and the coming 2010 youth Olympics will be here 1st. The need for Singapore to stay competitive is the ideas that are made and are being able to be executed. In 2005 Minister for Trade and Industry, Mr. Lim Hng Kiang shows the planning that is being done to triple Tourism Receipts (TR) to S$30 billion, doubling visitor arrivals (VA) to 17 million, and creating an additional 100,000 jobs in the services sector by 2015. 1.6 Recommendations The current tourism situation in Singapore is doing quite well and achieving the 2015 would not be a problem with all the new attractions and events coming up. However currently there are advantages and disadvantages in Singapore, the advantage Singapore has now should be maintained and improved. The disadvantages should be overcome to be competitive in the future. ADVANTAGES counted the safeties country minimum crime (robbery, stabbing, riots, and protests) natural disaster harder hits Singapore cause of being surrounded by other countries DISADVANTAGES lack of service experience bad services strict laws high in tax 1.7 Analysis After doing all the research I have analyzed that tourism is like a product and there is the product life cycle and Singapore is at its growth stage and with the coming youth Olympic, the growth will increase because in the future there would be more new attractions like the two new integrated resorts and theme parks that comes with it to boost the economy. Although there still maybe a few disadvantages and negative impacts Singapore could improve and control on what is bad. Being a small country has its disadvantage but how different people look at it is that because it is small it is more easily manageable compared to a big country. To see it this way Singapore can increase the tourism weather now or in the future despite the negatives. I will do a further in depth study on the PEST and SWOT analysis to see it more in detailed. 1.8 Conclusion Singapore Tourist could be a very useful element in the countrys economic how ever there are many other reasons they can be helpful too. In my opinion best thing about tourism is mainly because of the economic that is why almost every country they are promoting tourism and trying to attract people to their country. Same thing goes to Singapore without tourism the country would lose three per cent of Singapores GDP and more than S$12 billion in tourism receipts. Looking at the PEST and SWOT analysis countries can help understand and improve the tourism and look after the locals so both party would not be affected in a bad way.

Essay --

Exercise 11.2: Learning about Policies For this assignment, utilizing the resources given in this exercise as well as the information I gathered from the IT department where I used to work the following are my analysis: My analysis in regards to Security Policy is that whatever organization it is, it’s important to implement a sound security policy that defines what is permitted and what is not. The security policy boils down to outlining the acceptable use of the company's computer, internet, email, and any aspect of the system. It involves practices that reduce the risk of getting information into the wrong hands or preventing unwanted programs or individuals from disrupting service. This can be achieved three ways: One, Physical security by limiting access to a company's computer or networking device by housing critical device in a secured area. Second, Hardware Security which is network devices such as router & firewall that has a built in virus scanner or access rule. Rules which define the list of what activities or programs is allowed and not allowed; and thirdly, Application ...

Msn Entrance Essay Example Essay

â€Å"I attribute my success to this – I never gave or took any excuse. † (Florence Nightingale) The reasons that I wish to pursue a Masters of Science in Nursing are many. I have been practicing as a nurse since I graduated with a BSN degree in 2010 from East Tennessee State University. For two years I have worked as a Dialysis Unit Nurse and it has been during this time that my passion for the vocation of nursing has truly bloomed. Through this experience I have learned the value of keeping to one’s dreams and persevering. Despite the fact it has taken me some time to obtain my Bachelors degree it has only inspired me to continue on to get my Masters so I can expand my knowledge of the nursing profession and all that it entails. A Masters degree would also help me in my future career goals and aspirations, which is to be able to assist those in the rural areas of our community. Nursing, in my opinion, is one of the most significant professions that one can be blessed to acquire. To those who pursue this field know it is a career that requires far more than simply an education even though the knowledge acquired from a degree is extremely important and necessary, by grasping rationale of the laws and regulations that rule nursing. A career in nursing requires someone to have compassion, sympathy, and care for others, especially those who are suffering from pain, illness and lack the understanding of what is happening to them or a loved one. It is a career of humanity, and it is this that first attracted me to a Masters degree in Nursing. My philosophy about nursing is that it is a career that one has to work hard for, but also a career that a person needs to have to a natural affinity for. I also believe one must have a commitment to helping others not expecting anything in return but a smile and knowing when you go home you gave your all. The ability to be a compassionate, caring nurse is what I hope to bring to the Masters degree in Nursing Program, gaining the knowledge and experience of the instructors, along with the clinical experiences is what I plan to get from it. In terms of my professional goals and aspirations, my plan is to acquire my Masters degree in Nursing, specializing as a Family Registered Nurse Practitioner. With this degree, I can continue to pursue my dream of offering long term care to those in rural areas and expand it to include a small clinic where I can offer healthcare services such as treatment after examinations, counseling and prescriptions. This clinic would give me the opportunity to have a strong presence within the community, a commitment that is very important to me, and I would be able to offer the best patient service available. I would be able to help others who are in need of healthcare but possibly not comfortable going to a doctor. When treating, prescribing medications, and referring patients I will work in conjunction with local collaborating businesses to help ease the cost to those in need of financial assistance. Thank you for your time to allow me to tell you my heart, give you my vision of future goals and the opportunity to apply to your Masters Program at East Tennessee State University. I will await your final decision with great anticipation.

Human factors in the Space industry Essay

Abstract The world is in transition from Information Age to Space Age. This can be assumed by observing trends particularly those initiated by developed countries such as the US, Russia, China, Japan and the members of the European Union. The robots are programmed to be more precise in its actions compared to humans but with the humans’ capability to judge and make decisions according to unexpected circumstances, the latter are still considered a better option for space explorations. This necessitates the study for Human Factors. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of the Human Factors that are associated with the Space Industry. such knowledge would give the reader an idea on the Human limitations that must be considered and which could be very critical in space explorations. Without proper consideration, space explorations would be unsuccessful and the transition to Space Age would never ascend from the state of being imaginary, to reality. Consideration of Human Factors Towards the Space Age Humanity is now in the so-called Information age when time is fast-paced and access to information can be as fast, easy and unlimited as the trend for telecommunication and global integration continue to show prospects of expansion. The prospects of expansion, however, is not limited to the â€Å"global†. Current research shows that the trend is gradually opening its way to the rudiments of transition from the Information age to the Space age. Developed countries such as the US, Russia, Japan, China, India, the members of the EU and its industries are starting to involve themselves with the space and satellite industry, spending significant amounts of their budgets to further research, interest and opportunities for the said industry (Partners in Space, 2005). According to the Sacknoff in the 2005 Report on the State of the Space Industry by the International Space Business Council, there had been a total of $103 billion turnover from commercial and government services and programs in 2004. This turnover is expected to increase to at least $158 billion in 2010. Meanwhile, the US Defense has increased its spending for Space-related investments from $15 billion in 2000 to $22 billion in 2005. It is expected to further increase to at least $28 billion in 2010. There has also been a continuous increase in the market for satellite service particularly that of GPS positioning and tracking which could lead to the development of space tourism. According to NASDAQ, the space industry is currently one of the most innovative growth sectors in the world today (Sacknoff, 2005). At present, the US President, George W. Bush has made a proclamation about his â€Å"New Space† vision that could be a challenging turning point for the space industry. The aim of this vision is to be able to return to the moon by the end of the decade and to be able to fly to Mars immediately in the following decade (President Bush Announces New Vision for Space Exploration Program, 2004). Robots vs. Humans However, in order to become successful in such endeavors, the departments in charge of the development must recognize and consider certain factors that are critical to the future of the industry. There is a huge debate on whether there is a need to send humans in space, when there would always be robots to take their place. Those for robots argue that it would limit the risks of â€Å"needless human sacrifices† in case unexpected circumstances arise. However, the NASA argues that while in fact, robots are very useful in space explorations and gathering research data, the needed knowledge about space would never be near complete without human’s ingenuity and physical experience (The Human Advantage, 2003). Applied to the current objective of the â€Å"New Space† vision as well as the objectives of the previous explorations, there are still a lot of things that even robots, and only humans, with their minds, can do. Robots, for example cannot deal with unexpected things while humans can think of creative ways to solve unexpected problems such as equipment breakdown (The Human Advantage, 2003). Installations, upgrades and detailed work in space can only be done with the finesse of human operators. While it can be tested by robots, prospects such as possible life in other planets can only be guaranteed by human exploration.

The moral argument presupposes the existence of an all powerful, perfect God Essays

The moral argument presupposes the existence of an all powerful, perfect God Essays The moral argument presupposes the existence of an all powerful, perfect God Essay The moral argument presupposes the existence of an all powerful, perfect God Essay The moral argument presupposes the existence of an all powerful, perfect God in order to account for the fact that human beings have developed moral codes. Essentially, our notion of what is right and good, and subsequently the way these notions manifest into good actions is due to the presence of God who created us and that morality within us. Due to our awareness of Gods existence, man acts in one way, and if God did not exist that would render our actions irrational and inexplicable because the very reason that man acts in such a way as they would call good, is for the benefits provided by God for us in an afterlife. In response to that, one does need to question, whether one can be said to be moral if God does not drive that morality. Does mans moral experience have no meaning if they do not act according to the will of God? If so, can one who does not act in accordance to that Will, or follow His laws, either out of disobedience, indolence or ignorance, be judged on the same basis as those who do? Does that mean that their moral experience is invalid and nonsensical? The theological answer to this question comes from a number of sources. Thomas Aquinas tries to prove Gods existence by applying the notion of the different degrees of perfection found in finite things. Things are comparable to other things based on standards of how good or bad things are, and if one judges good things against one another, there must be one good thing which sets the standard for all good. The different degrees of perfection holds that there is ultimately one thing that is perfect. This perfect goodness Aquinas would suggest is God. It follows from this that if God does exist that there is one reason for mans moral experience developing the way that it does. With mans knowledge of Gods existence man wants to please Him, and so tries to be good for Him. Similarly CS Lewis discusses the notion of standards of morality, as a means of proving there is an ultimate and absolute goodness. Lewis states that mans idea of right and wrong gives some clues as to the meaning of the universe. The very fact that people have disagreements alludes to some perception of a standard of behaviour. This allusion can also be applied to perfection and evil. One thing can be more evil than another just as one thing can be more good or perfect than another. He states that whether there is a disagreement as to which thing is right and which thing is wrong, there is always agreement on the concept of right and wrong; the moral law. He goes on to suggest that moral law that we all seem to posses knowledge of cannot be more herd instinct because if this was the case which ever compulsion was stronger would win out. But he states that this is not always the case, citing the example of people who are confronted with imminent danger who chose to do what they ought to do like face the danger, rather than do what they want to do, which could be to run away. Lewis also suggests that this moral law cannot be a fact of social convention, because not everything that man has learned is social convention, some things just are. If morality is invented by each society and each society preserving its right to be different acts according to its own differing standards of morality, no society would be in the position to judge another. Just as moral law cannot be a law dictated by social convention, it cannot be a law of nature. Nature describes how things are but the moral law is prescriptive, prescribing how things ought to be. Lewis concluded that as a result of all this, it is right to say that there exists a moral law above all men, to which all men are accountable. He states that if one questions what the origin of moral law is they would find out that the moral law comes from the mind. If this is the case, that moral law comes from the mind, and there is an ultimate moral law above all else, there must in turn be an ultimate Mind that stands above all men from which it springs. Whereas Aquinas theory attempts to prove Gods existence, in a similar way to Lewis, Immanuel Kant goes further to answer the question about mans moral experience directly. He suggests that Gods existence must be practically posited in order to make sense of mans moral experience1 Kant states that man must assume the existence of God because if they do not, their desire for happiness and perception of moral duty does not make sense. Kant also identified within humans an innate sense of right and wrong, and what they ought to do; a sense of morality. Kant endeavoured to elaborate upon this point by making a suggestion of three transcendental postulates without which morality would flounder. Kant suggests that these are: God, immortality and freedom. Kant discusses the point of immortality and God in terms of rewards. In this life, there seem to be injustices sometimes, the good die young and poverty stricken, and the opposite seems to be the case for the bad. Kant suggests that due to this there must be an afterlife in which the balance is redressed, and a Judge (God) sees that justice is done. Religion therefore suggests that there is a lawgiver (God) who is at the end of humanity, and offers us eternal life where the wrongs of the world are righted. Hastings Rashdall who agrees with Kant on the grounds that although people can be moral without belief in God they cannot believe in absolute moral truths backs up Kants arguments. If morality is a human creation, he contends, there cannot exist a realm of absolute standards. Essentially, there is nothing that one can say is perfect or good in an absolute sense, as this would contradict the very nature of Atheism. Additionally, with the fact that the world that we live in is more and more being influenced by egoism also bears relevance on the question. People are reluctant to believe that they have no purpose, and no reason for being. People often question the meaning of life wondering why they are here. If there is no God and people are here for no reason people find this a hard concept to be reconciled with and as such it is easier to think that there is a God above all men who controls all things; and so thoughts of God and an afterlife are essential for such people to make sense not only of their moral experience, but their whole existence. However, in a world that is becoming increasingly emotivist, and human emotions motivation for all sorts of actions, is it right to say that peoples inclination to do right and wrong can only come from God. Alasdair MacIntyre speaks of a world that is becoming ruled by emotivism and ignoring that which we know for certain to be true or right. Subsequently people act in a way they feel to be right for no other reason than they feel inclined to. This is not governed by some fear of what might come in an afterlife, but rather what they feel at that moment at that time. The many argument about the ultimate good, the ultimate source of perfection and the ultimate lawgiver, too meets with scrutiny. None of the theologians considered the possibility of many sources, in their opinion, there is only one, that being God. Additionally, this source, if it does exist does not have to be eternal and ever lasting. Thus the belief in an afterlife does not automatically follow. But if God doesnt exist, and there is no one and nothing that will finally judge our actions, what stops men from acting in any way that they please; it would not matter. If there is a God our lives have meaning, and the way we conduct ourselves also has meaning, and this is something than man is comfortable with. A Christian believes that an ultimately perfect standard is God, without this there could be no such thing as evil, but people still believe that to exist. There can in actually fact be nothing good unless there is an ultimate good that is the source for all lesser goods2. So in actual fact the actual existence of God is not the question, whether or not Aquinas is right is not the issue at hand, the fact is that in order to truly understand why man is so concerned with morality and doing right, one has to assume that God does exist.

Free Essays on Othello - Staging Paper

Moment of Weakness Throughout William Shakespeare’s infamous play Othello, it is evident to the reader that it is a tale of passion, ego, deceit, and betrayal. In scene three of act three, a confrontation occurs between Othello and Iago concerning the promiscuity of Othello’s wife, Desdemona. The scheming and conniving by Othello and Iago conjures an unbelievable web of lies in which Othello plans to entrap none other than the brave and honorable lieutenant Michael Cassio with his wife. Throughout the context of these lines, we are also left with the lingering implication of a same sex relationship between both Iago and Cassio. Although this scene is typically overlooked by readers, Shakespeare carefully positions this scene to emphasize the deeper relationship between Iago and Cassio. The director now has a dilemma on his hands. Should the scene be subtle, powerful, or potent? Should it be kept serious, or would it be more enjoyable to the audience if it were to be comical? It may be in terpreted in several ways, yet choice decisions by the director can accentuate the homoeroticism found, making it into a more powerful scene. Each play has the capability to be reconfigured and manipulated by means of lighting, costuming, and acting to create an ambiance suitable to the likings of the director. Thus the director, through small, incremental adjustments, has the power to enhance, degenerate, or lighten any given scene if necessary. The trouble in this scene arises when Iago enlightens Othello about Cassio’s sexual dream regarding Desdemona. Othello learned, during their association in warfare, to value Iago’s discipline and courage, nonetheless, Othello never questions the validity of Iago’s testimony. Othello may have some doubts regarding Cassio integrity, but he does not harbor the least suspicion of his wife’s virtue. As Iago digs deeper into the erotic dream, providing Othello with more explicit detail, Othello seiz... Free Essays on Othello - Staging Paper Free Essays on Othello - Staging Paper Moment of Weakness Throughout William Shakespeare’s infamous play Othello, it is evident to the reader that it is a tale of passion, ego, deceit, and betrayal. In scene three of act three, a confrontation occurs between Othello and Iago concerning the promiscuity of Othello’s wife, Desdemona. The scheming and conniving by Othello and Iago conjures an unbelievable web of lies in which Othello plans to entrap none other than the brave and honorable lieutenant Michael Cassio with his wife. Throughout the context of these lines, we are also left with the lingering implication of a same sex relationship between both Iago and Cassio. Although this scene is typically overlooked by readers, Shakespeare carefully positions this scene to emphasize the deeper relationship between Iago and Cassio. The director now has a dilemma on his hands. Should the scene be subtle, powerful, or potent? Should it be kept serious, or would it be more enjoyable to the audience if it were to be comical? It may be in terpreted in several ways, yet choice decisions by the director can accentuate the homoeroticism found, making it into a more powerful scene. Each play has the capability to be reconfigured and manipulated by means of lighting, costuming, and acting to create an ambiance suitable to the likings of the director. Thus the director, through small, incremental adjustments, has the power to enhance, degenerate, or lighten any given scene if necessary. The trouble in this scene arises when Iago enlightens Othello about Cassio’s sexual dream regarding Desdemona. Othello learned, during their association in warfare, to value Iago’s discipline and courage, nonetheless, Othello never questions the validity of Iago’s testimony. Othello may have some doubts regarding Cassio integrity, but he does not harbor the least suspicion of his wife’s virtue. As Iago digs deeper into the erotic dream, providing Othello with more explicit detail, Othello seiz...

Drug policies in Saudi Arabia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Drug policies in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example It is also assumed that the situation related to the drug abuse in Saudi Arabia is still not at such an alarming level, it means that the drug related situation can be controlled and the country can be lead to a safer side. But apart from this some drug related problems are there which should be managed in order to make the country safer and secure. Some reports mentioned that there was a rising abuse of the drugs named as heroin as well as cocaine. The use of these drugs are no doubt increasing day by day and making many problems for the country, people due to many problems and due to many reasons are going towards a wrong direction and are being addicted to wrong things and means. Due to many reasons like family problems, routine stress, office based problems, employment problems and many other of problems people usually go in a wrong direction and thus ruin their lives. As mentioned above that around 36% to 37% people got admitted every year, out of this percentage majority are th e students or the young people who by following wrong means and ways ruin their lives and thus get addicted to drugs and in the end they have no other option to live. People after being addicted to drugs usually think that life is only to have drugs and to ruin our life; this is not a correct or the right way to think. People should try to think than what so ever they are doing is not a correct way and they should not ruin their lives. Young people usually get addicted to drugs and there is an increasing ratio which shows that young people, college people and the university people are those who are going to these activities and are also making their life worse and worse. As mentioned above there are many reasons due to which people get addicted to the drugs. These problems should be resolve in order to make each and every life better and better so that every one can live easily with full zeal and zest and can also make their life

European Law - Free Movement of Goods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

European Law - Free Movement of Goods - Essay Example A book could be written about this subject listing and describing the players over the years and the changes. In terms of France, Guerlain has traditionally been Frances most distinguished competitor for Fragrantia, offering the famous fragrances LEau impà ©riale, Shalimar, LHeure bleue, Vol de Nuit and Mitsouko. â€Å"Guerlain was founded by Pierre Francois Pascal and, since opening their first perfumery in Paris in 1828, they have expanded to seven exclusive boutiques in Paris, with equally exclusive shops in Milan, Frankfurt, Tokyo, Singapore and Hong Kong1†. The new protectionist laws are poised to leave Fragrantia behind and give a favored market to Guerlain and Chanel, major competitors of the firm, each with a strong established base of customers who are willing to pay premium prices. Sales are different for various competitors in the perfume industry, with growth in some areas and losses and others. However, overall sales in France appear to be somewhat stronger than UK sales, based on the slump of UK perfume industry which Fragrantia has to deal with in the first place, when compared to the assertion that Frances perfume and cosmetics industry â€Å"recorded its 40th consecutive year of growth in 2006, with sales rising 5.7 percent compared with an average of 5.0 percent in the past 10 years2†. Forty years of constant sales growth is indeed impressive and is something that the UK market is not really achieving, in terms of sales growth comparisons. This is why Fragrantia needs to continue to tap into the strong French market, but unfortunately is being stymied by the new tax. Fragrantia’s discovering the reasons for this sustained sales growth in France may involve looking at variables such as free market motivation and effectiveness in relation to external and internal rewards, in terms of incentives as well as in terms of comparison with other types of variables such as national pride and

Succession Planning and Management in Governmental IT Organizations Dissertation - 1

Succession Planning and Management in Governmental IT Organizations - Dissertation Example It employed the use of three questionnaires to assess the provincial Government’s SPM structure, staff members assessment of current leaders who are products of the present SPM process and to test the applicability of the new process. Two hundred and forty participants participated in the Survey, participants included Human Resources Personnel, staff members from the different Ministries in the State and managers. Analysis of data was done using simple percentages . Survey results of the experiment indicates that even though Alberta Government has an SPM structure in place as it is uncommon with other State Governments; the structure has not really produced leaders with the desired management and leadership skills to develop the succession candidates; study also suggests that the current Alberta process is not really suited to the complexities of the IT organizations. The study therefore developed a process of SPM based on Ley 2002’s and Whittmore 2006 approach to SPM w hich includes eight elements altogether and the process tested. Results show that th

Shark Finning Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Shark Finning Industry - Research Paper Example The paper states that the finning industry is based on the following practice: ‘the fin of each shark is chopped off and the rest is discharged’ (Verclar et al. 1078). Then, the fin is likely to be used for soup, after being diverted to the market, in its natural form or using an appropriate package. The consumption of fin of sharks is quite common in many countries worldwide. However, this ‘custom’ threatens the population of sharks internationally. In accordance with recent research, the finning industry worldwide is a continuously growing industry, with the value of the fin to reach the $116/ kg (Verclar et al. 1078). India is among the countries with the highest performance in this industry; in accordance with Verclar et al. the annual shark production of India reaches the 45,500 tonnes (Verclar et al. 1078), a significant figure if taking into consideration the price of the particular product in the market, as presented above. It is clear that the profi ts of the particular industry can be significant, a fact which may be considered as a barrier to the control of the phenomenon. As noted in the study of Verclar et al., about 20 species of sharks will be extinguished by 2017 if the shark finning industry continues its current rate of expansion (Verclar et al. 1078). However, the current signs regarding the development of this industry are rather discouraging; instead of being reduced, the finning industry is further expanded with other countries to be involved in such activities. An indicative example is China, which has started to activate in many areas of the specific industry – acting as ‘producer, importer, consumer, and processing center’ (Verclar et al. 1079); other countries also have been attracted by the prospects that the particular industry offers. Indonesia, Pakistan, and Singapore (Verclar et al. 1079) are some of the countries, which have been involved in various areas of the shark finning industry. Â  The shark finning industry offers many prospects as a business activity, as it combines the trade of fin, as a product of significant value, with the trade of other parts of the shark – meaning the body and the bones (Verclar et al. 1080). At this point, it should be noted that ‘not all fins of a shark are of the same value’ (Verclar et al. 1080). In any case, since all parts of the body of a shark can be disposed to the market, the fishing of sharks is quite popular, guaranteeing high profits. Efforts have been made for setting limits to the particular activity since a threat of the extinction of many species of shark has been made clear. Under this threat, the Government of India prohibited the fishing of a particular species of shark, the Elasmobranchii, in 2001 (Verclar et al. 1080); the Gazette Notification through which this prohibition was imposed has been proved particularly valuable for the protection of the above species. Another practice used for t he control of shark finning industry worldwide is the DNA checks; through these checks, the level of limitation of each shark species can be identified – by checking various parts of the bodies of sharks disposed to market (Verclar et al. 1080). The above method has the following disadvantage: not all parts of the body of a shark can prove valid information on the species of the shark; however, new DNA checks have been improved allowing the identification of sharks’ DNA even from dried fins (Verclar et al. 1080). Particular attention should be paid to the effects of shark finning industry for the marine ecosystems. In accordance with Taylor (2010), sharks are predators, which helps to keep balance in prey worldwide (Taylor, online article).

International Business Globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Business Globalization - Essay Example Free zones have been set up in the UAE which are completely tax-free to attract investment (Zaman, 2011). The toy sales in UAE have been burgeoning recently with the rise in sales reaching the mark of 17% when the global sale has shrunk by 0.08% (Ligaya, 2009), as per the research of NSD, a US based Research firm. This has particularly raised the interest of Kids R Us to explore into the market of China. Kids R Us, a leading toy company, headquartered in Dubai is one of the largest in its category. The company has been largely successful in its line of products for children under the age of three, which has hugely contributed in the recent revenue earnings as per the company’s annual report. The company has recently been trying to enter the Chinese market with its new product called the â€Å"The Singing Piano† as a starter and wishes to expand with its other products after gaining a foothold in the Chinese toy market. Business Concept Kids R Us is an UAE toy company wi th its headquarters at Dubai. The company was small at its onset, but over the years, it has established itself as one of the largest in the toy making business. The company mainly specializes in the production of toys for children of all ages. However, it had started out with producing toys for infants and till date, the largest portion of the company’s revenue stems from the toys designed for infants. Mission The company pays huge attention to the corporate responsibilities. The mission of the company can be summarized as: Playing with integrity. Promoting the team spirit among the employees to increase the efficiency of the organizational structure. Promoting sustainability in its growth and reduce any toxic impacts on the environment. Playing for all, where it acts in a philanthropic... From the discussion it is clear that  globalization in the recent times has made the world a very small place. The positive impact of globalization has helped countries to attract more foreign investment into them to boost the overall growth. The eagerness of UAE to attract further foreign investments is evident from its policies since 2002. Owing to the easing polices taken since 2002 by the federal government, these restrictions are now relaxed to make the foreign firms invest in UAE. Free zones have been set up in the UAE which are completely tax-free to attract investment.This study stresses that Kids R Us is an UAE toy company with its headquarters at Dubai. The company was small at its onset, but over the years, it has established itself as one of the largest in the toy making business. The company mainly specializes in the production of toys for children of all ages. However, it had started out with producing toys for infants and till date, the largest portion of the company ’s revenue stems from the toys designed for infants. The company aims to establish itself as the most sustainable one in the business with the ambition of manufacturing in the most eco-friendly way. The slogan of the company aptly captures its vision statement which reads â€Å"Toys which makes the earth smile†.  Kids R Us aims to introduce its newest toy, â€Å"The Singing Piano† in the Chinese market. The toy was first launched in Dubai and met with stellar reviews. It has been observed that the sales of indoor games along with outdoor games have been on a rise.

Vocal Folds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vocal Folds - Essay Example With their corresponding properties, Hirano classifies the layers of the vocal folds into five minute layers (as cited in Altman, n.d.). The outer protective layer is the squamos epithelium, which is responsible for sustaining the form of the vocal fold and its hydration. The next layer is the superficial lamina propia (SLP) which is composed of loose fibrous and elastic components that possess mechanical properties due to its cushion-like assets. The intermediate lamina propia (ILP) on the other hand, is generally composed of elastic fibers, which therefore adds to the elasticity of the vocal folds. Then there is the deep lamina propia (DLP), the vocal fold layer that consists of collagenous fibers that is responsible for the durability of the vocal fold. The fifth layer is the vocalis muscle. It as a muscle and therefore has active (contractile) properties that helps in controlling the stiffness of the vocal folds when it is vibrating, contracting or at rest. These layers vary in t erms of stiffness and therefore were grouped further accordingly. The cover layer or mucosa is composed of epithelium and SLP, while the vocal ligament is composed of the ILP and DLP.

Shark Finning Industry Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Shark Finning Industry - Research Paper Example The paper states that the finning industry is based on the following practice: ‘the fin of each shark is chopped off and the rest is discharged’ (Verclar et al. 1078). Then, the fin is likely to be used for soup, after being diverted to the market, in its natural form or using an appropriate package. The consumption of fin of sharks is quite common in many countries worldwide. However, this ‘custom’ threatens the population of sharks internationally. In accordance with recent research, the finning industry worldwide is a continuously growing industry, with the value of the fin to reach the $116/ kg (Verclar et al. 1078). India is among the countries with the highest performance in this industry; in accordance with Verclar et al. the annual shark production of India reaches the 45,500 tonnes (Verclar et al. 1078), a significant figure if taking into consideration the price of the particular product in the market, as presented above. It is clear that the profi ts of the particular industry can be significant, a fact which may be considered as a barrier to the control of the phenomenon. As noted in the study of Verclar et al., about 20 species of sharks will be extinguished by 2017 if the shark finning industry continues its current rate of expansion (Verclar et al. 1078). However, the current signs regarding the development of this industry are rather discouraging; instead of being reduced, the finning industry is further expanded with other countries to be involved in such activities. An indicative example is China, which has started to activate in many areas of the specific industry – acting as ‘producer, importer, consumer, and processing center’ (Verclar et al. 1079); other countries also have been attracted by the prospects that the particular industry offers. Indonesia, Pakistan, and Singapore (Verclar et al. 1079) are some of the countries, which have been involved in various areas of the shark finning industry. Â  The shark finning industry offers many prospects as a business activity, as it combines the trade of fin, as a product of significant value, with the trade of other parts of the shark – meaning the body and the bones (Verclar et al. 1080). At this point, it should be noted that ‘not all fins of a shark are of the same value’ (Verclar et al. 1080). In any case, since all parts of the body of a shark can be disposed to the market, the fishing of sharks is quite popular, guaranteeing high profits. Efforts have been made for setting limits to the particular activity since a threat of the extinction of many species of shark has been made clear. Under this threat, the Government of India prohibited the fishing of a particular species of shark, the Elasmobranchii, in 2001 (Verclar et al. 1080); the Gazette Notification through which this prohibition was imposed has been proved particularly valuable for the protection of the above species. Another practice used for t he control of shark finning industry worldwide is the DNA checks; through these checks, the level of limitation of each shark species can be identified – by checking various parts of the bodies of sharks disposed to market (Verclar et al. 1080). The above method has the following disadvantage: not all parts of the body of a shark can prove valid information on the species of the shark; however, new DNA checks have been improved allowing the identification of sharks’ DNA even from dried fins (Verclar et al. 1080). Particular attention should be paid to the effects of shark finning industry for the marine ecosystems. In accordance with Taylor (2010), sharks are predators, which helps to keep balance in prey worldwide (Taylor, online article).

Vocal Folds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Vocal Folds - Essay Example With their corresponding properties, Hirano classifies the layers of the vocal folds into five minute layers (as cited in Altman, n.d.). The outer protective layer is the squamos epithelium, which is responsible for sustaining the form of the vocal fold and its hydration. The next layer is the superficial lamina propia (SLP) which is composed of loose fibrous and elastic components that possess mechanical properties due to its cushion-like assets. The intermediate lamina propia (ILP) on the other hand, is generally composed of elastic fibers, which therefore adds to the elasticity of the vocal folds. Then there is the deep lamina propia (DLP), the vocal fold layer that consists of collagenous fibers that is responsible for the durability of the vocal fold. The fifth layer is the vocalis muscle. It as a muscle and therefore has active (contractile) properties that helps in controlling the stiffness of the vocal folds when it is vibrating, contracting or at rest. These layers vary in t erms of stiffness and therefore were grouped further accordingly. The cover layer or mucosa is composed of epithelium and SLP, while the vocal ligament is composed of the ILP and DLP.

Western Governors University Essay Example for Free

Western Governors University Essay According to The Levine Institute (2013), the term globalization can be defined as â€Å"a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations.† Globalization and modernization have been occurring for thousands of years around the world. This can be further explained as the influence that modern nations have on non-developed nations and cultures. The influences that modern nations have can either be related to direct or indirect contact. Both globalization and modernization can have positive and negative impacts on cultural practices. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of globalization on native non-Western cultural practices. Some examples of globalization on native non-Western cultural practices include the influence of cable television in India, the booming commerce in China, and the factor that globalization has played in South Korea’s growth and economic success. While some have had success and felt positive economic effects of globalization, the influence of television in India may have negatively impacted the previously religious and spiritual cultural that existed before the globalization period. This cultural shift in India was influenced partially by the World Trade Organization. The World Trade Organization assisted in lowering import taxes which allowed India to economically benefit by being able to produce products at a much reduced price for the American consumers. The cultural in India significantly changed during this period and while it was previously uncommon to see unrelated women and men living together before the economic shift, it is currently common practice. The economic shift that was directed related to globalization may have also been responsible for unintentionally influencing an increase in violence over the past decade. Another example of globalization takes place in Japan. When McDonald’s restaurant first came to Japan in May 1971, a phenomenon was created by introducing the concept of Western â€Å"fast food† to a foreign country (Chang, 2011). Before the introduction of McDonald’s, Japan cultural had centered on family food preparation and rituals, such as obento. Obento is prepared by Japanese mothers and â€Å"The tradition becomes part of the social education of both parent and child and creates a connection between home and school for a youngster’s earliest forays away from family† (Gordon, 2005). Japanese mothers would spend nearly an hour crafting the elaborate obento for their child to take to school every day. Teachers would judge the obento and ensure that specific rules were followed during the crafting of the meal, such as the food being as handmade as possible, appetizing, and aesthetically appealing (Gordon, 2005). In Japan, obento symbolized the mother’s responsibility to food preparation and a child’s responsibility to education. The introduction of McDonald’s took some time to spread in Japan but cleaver marketing strategies aided in changing the face of fast food. According to Chang (2011), â€Å"McDonald’s marketed as a stylish place to go to with family and friends. They have also included special menus for Japanese customers such as American regional burgers and teriyaki burgers.† McDonald’s also added a variety of unique toys that were specific to the Japanese culture in kid’s happy meals. Since the introduction of fast food, Japan’s obesity rates have risen tremendously. The director of the Drug Discovery Research Center at Kyoto University, Gozoh Tsujimoto, blames Westernized fast food for Japanese obesity rates rising threefold from 1962 to 2002 (Hooper, 2012). Tsujimoto attributes the 20% Japanese obesity rating related to â€Å"Lifestyle factors have become Westernized. Especially, food has become Westernized – and mainly high-calorie and high fat† (Hooper, 2012). McDonald’s now has over 3,300 restaurants in Japan, which is the largest number of stores outside of the United States (Chang, 2011). In addition to obesity and food preparation practices, the introduction of fast food in Japan has also caused a large increase in the consumption of red meat. The older and younger generations in Japan responded differently to the influence of fast food. The older generations continue to eat at home more often, however, the younger generations continue to eat out more and they have shown an increase in health issues, such as diabetes and metabolic syndrome (Hooper, 2012). While some professionals continue to blame the direct influence of Westernization for these unintentional health concerns, globalization is unavoidable and can impact a culture both positively and negatively. Japan has positively benefitted from globalization in ways of technological advances and automobiles but perhaps was negatively affected by the phenomenon of fast food. Globalization is controversial. According to The Levine Institute (2013), â€Å"Proponents of globalization argue that it allows poor countries and their citizens to develop economically and raise their standards of living.† Globalization in India greatly helped the economy but perhaps hurt the values of the cultural. However, opponents of globalization argue â€Å"that the creation of an unfettered international free market has benefited multinational corporations in the Western world at the expense of local enterprises, local cultures, and common people† (The Levine Institute, 2013). Globalization is affected by many variables such as age, family, religion, and technology. Whether it is intentional or unintentional, direct or indirect, planned or not planned, finding the right balance to provide positive effects is difficult. References Chang, S. (2011). McDonald’s in Japan. Retrieved from http://apanews.si.edu/2011/09/20/mcdonalds-in-japan/ Gordon, M. (2005). Obento. Retrieved from http://www.pbs.org/opb/meaningoffood/food_and_family/obento/ Hooper, R. (2012). Obesity on the rise as Japanese eat more Western-style food. Retrieved from http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2012/03/11/national/obesity-on-the-rise-as-japanese-eat-more-western-style-food/#.UmFqEvlJN1I The Levin Institute. (2013). What is globalization? Retrieved from http://www.globalization101.org/what-is-globalization

Why is strategic change so difficult to manage in my organization?

Why is strategic change so difficult to manage in my organization? Looking that evolution and the way things happen, it is possible and easy to say that nothing in this life last forever. Human beings come and go, over the course of our lives we change from kids to teenager to adults . In order to succeed a and make progress, every organization need to make changes. Irrespective of how powerful and successful a an organization, and irrespective of how much sustained success the organization has had, there is a need for change which is inevitable and ever present to ensure sustainable and continuous levels of success in the company. The need for change can be ignited by a change in environment brought about by changes in customers taste, changes or advancements in technology, increase or changes in the level of competition or exogenous factors, things which are totally out of the control of management of the organization for example the occurrence natural disasters is totally our of the control of management of an organization. Change can also be brought about as a result of the organizations own success. Growth and market success will inevitable lead to changes in organizational size and complexities. The main secret to long term success is the company or organizations ability to adapt to change. Many organizations tend to develop long term success formulas or successful business models that last for a particular period of time. As time goes by, the business environment as well as conditions with in the organization itself can change. In order for the organizations to maintain its level of success, it has to be able to adapt to the required level of change. Over time it has been proven that if the organization is able to adapt to changes in its environment, it will be able to flourish. Similarly, if the company is not able to adapt to changes in its environment, it will definitely experience difficulties, and irrespective of the amount of resources that it has or its current market share, the company can fail. This demise can occur rapidly or it can come about slowly. It is really important to not that the process of change can never be easy. The process of change more often than not is complicated and in most cases slow and painful. Depending of the variable, which has initiated the change, the process will come into effect at its own pace. If things don not go the way management is expecting, they can be pulled into n uncomfortable position Human being as much as business organizations do not like change, as such the very important question that we will have to answer here is how much pain is an organization wiling to take in order to bring into existence the change variable Strategic change over time has been given different definitions . Strategic change therefore could be considered as changes in the composition of a firms strategy as per it à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"s synergies, competitive advantages, scope, and resource deployment. It can also be looked at as the difference in the quality, state or form of an organization trying to align itself with the external environment. Looking at the definition of strategic change that we have just given above, it is clear that the process of implementing strategic change in any organization is clearly affected by the state of the firms themselves and the external environment. the performance of firms is greatly dependent on a mixture of the firms themselves and the external environment, the emergence of new opportunities therefore and the existence of threats in the existing environment, requires that firms are constantly changing in order to adapt to these changes in their environments. It is important here to note th at strategic change is greatly affected by the state of the organization or company in question. For example, firms will adopt a new strategy in the face of financial distress. This main aim of this is to try to reverse the financially distressing situation to the company. Some companies tend to have structural inertia, as such in implementing strategic change, they tend to keep their previous strategy and structure. On a whole therefore, there are seven important point to note about strategic change. Firstly, in order for strategic change to take place, the business has to adapt to its existing environment., secondly, strategic change is complex and fluid and it creates new combinations and generates situational questions that might require non repetitive answers. Nextly, it affects all of the business by providing direction, as well as involving both content and process which can also be referred to as strategy formation and strategy implementation. Strategic change is partially p lanned and partially unplanned so that it can account for any other unforeseen circumstances that arise, also for strategic change to be effectively carried out, it has to be effectuated at all level of the organization. Strategic change should also be a well though out and conceptual process. Managers leading change have to take three things into account when carrying out the change. Firstly, the requirements for major changes in an organizations is a shift the the existing culture of the company as well as a change in the behavior of employees. A lot of initiatives for change fail because they do not deliver a shift by dealing with the cultural and political reality of the company. Nextly, in order that strategic change is successful, it needs to be designed to fit in with the organizational context. Change more often than not is a very complex process; as such companies need to find a way with in which the required change can be adapted to the organizations structure. A lot of companies try to buy readymade solutions to their problems and because these are not designed with the particular structure of their organization in mind. They tend to face difficulties. Lastly, organizations and the decisions that are made in them , are made by people. As such for change to be effectively implemented the people in these organizations have to change their attitudes and perceptions about the way business is done. An intrinsic part of the change process is the organizations employees. In the case of British airways, there are a couple of things that might trigger a need for strategic change. There might be exogenous factors such as a rise in the price of raw material, for example, a rise in the price of oil, will inevitable lead o a rise in the price of gas. In order to adapt to this new changes in the business playing , and in order not to probably transfer these rises to ticket prices which is going to prevent middle line BA customers from switching and looking for a cheaper alternative, as manager in BA I might have to initiate other cost cutting techniques to be able to live up to and meet up with the necessary financial cost and still be as competitive as possible in ticket pricing. Other things that might trigger a strategic change include things such as employees demanding a pay rise, general economic crisis like the one which occurred in late 2008 and affected every sector of the economy, there might be an advancement in technology, maybe the development o f ore fuel efficient planes, can in order maybe to adjust and fit in to this new market various things have to be done. In order to effectively handle change at an organization like BA, there must be very good leaders in place so they can assist in leading employees through the change process. In order for change to be successful , people with the ability to successfully implement change are needed. It has been noted that serious change isnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t possible unless the people at the top of the organization are in support of the changes which are supposed to be going through. In a successful transformation, majority of the people on the board , departmental heads and a good number of other employees have to commit to pull together and improve performances. It is important for manager at the top of BA to realize that in order to demand a change from employees in the company, they themselves have to be model for the change that they are advocating for. If they expect a high standard from their employee, then they themselves have to be a model for that high standard. If the change involves cost cutting and they think that employees have to take a pay cut, they themselves as managers of the company have to take a pay cut. In order for change to be implemented in the organization, management has to address and assess the human concern. BA claims to put people first, the reason for this is that people are the greatest asset of BA. The change implementers at BA need to be aware and able to invest effort and time into understanding the human concern and as much as they can, put themselves in the positions of the people who will be affected by any decisions that will be taken be it employees or customers. Communication is a very important tool for change. As much communications as possible is important as change sometimes can lead to fear of job losses, it can foster uncertainty and this can destabilize the whole change process. Management of BA as much as possible has to encourage and communicate with employees making them aware of the fact that they will be given every consideration and will be probably trained to do things in the new better way. It is important for managers to know that the extend of strategic change implemented is very important. Even though it is really difficult to determine how much change or how fast change comes to an organization, it is necessary as a manager to note that change implemented at a very fast rate can instead work against the best interest of the company. Can be implemented too fast can destroy the moral of the employees and it has been know to cause employees to get sick. Even though some change is beyond out control, it is important that change should not be piled up on change. The management of BA therefore has to realize that too much change is an issue and they therefore have to set up an adequate timeframe within which change can be achieved. It might to an extend be a good idea to bounce idea of your employees if change you are trying to implement is a function of your control. Change is divided into four categories, realignment, incremental, big bang and transformational change. I n order for an organization to implement transformational change, it has to change the people in an organization. To change the culture of an organization, the way people think and work has to be changed. In order to help management Like BA management design a context sensitive approach to change with in their organization, the kaliedoscope was created. The kaleidoscope features things which are related to the companies culture, current situation and competencies. The strategic organizational change concept is defined by aspects such as the time frame with in which the change has to take place, the scope of the change , preservation, diversity, capability capacity readiness and power. The time frame of the concept with regards to BA will be talking about things should as the length of time required to implement change in the organization, for example, if an organization is in crisis, then they need less time to change while if its a long term development strategy, the managements has more time to implement the change. When implementing the change, management has to take into consideration what aspect of the old structure need to be preserved, what need to remain and what needs to be c hanged. The scope of the change deals with the extend to which change will be implemented and how much of the organization will be affected by the changes coming into effect. Capabilities of the individual employees, management and the organization have to be taken in to consideration. The ability of staff to deal with these changes, the ability of management to see staff through these changes and the availability of organizational resources to manage these changes greatly determines the extent to which change is implemented. Before a change approach is selected, it is important that the organization chooses the path change is going to take, the point at which change should start, the style change should take, the levers and mechanisms to be employed, and the role that people in the organization are going to play in order to effectuate change. Management of BA have to take this into consideration, they have to as much as possible ensure that change leadership is set up right. They have to make sure that management is in the right position to see change through. In order for management to be able to lead change through, they have to take into consideration the values of the employees in the company and the ethnic and diversity issues which can be brought about as a result of change being implemented. Management leading change have to make sure that in designing and seeing the process of change through, they do not trample upon peoples ethical values or do things in such a way that the ethnic minority for example feel discriminated against. If that happens, moral levels in the company might drop and some employees might be left feeling frustrated at the change, which is being implemented. It is important therefore to note that in order for change to be implemented in an organization like British airways, it is necessary for management to have open and effective communication with its staff, management should ensure that training and retraining programs have been set up so that staff can learn and get integrated in the change structure, Managing an organization is all about managing people, as such I think it is important for management to be able to motivate its staff. Preventing them from getting frustrated is integral to the strategic change process. The business and organizational environment is constantly changing, as such it s really important for every organization, to keep on changing in order to succeed. Learning to adapt to change is a very necessary ingredient to be able to thrive in todayà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s business world as such organizations should be able to learn and continuously adapt to everyday changes. In conclusion therefore, it can be said that strategic change is difficult to manage in an organization mainly due to the fact that organizations are all about people, and every human being is different in their own way. However, with the right leadership qualities at the helm of an organization, proper communication plan of the change strategy put in place and adequate availability of organizational resources strategic change can be implemented.

Symbols and Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarlet Letter es

Symbolism in The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne is generally considered to be the first American symbolic novel. A symbol is something which is used to represent something broader in meaning. The most obvious symbol in the novel is the actual scarlet "A" which both the criticism and I agree upon. This "A" is the literal symbol of the sin of adultery. The letter A then appears in many different forms throughout the novel. The gold-embroidered A on Hester Prynne's fascinates Pearl Prynne. It is magnified in the armor breast plate at Governor Bellingham's mansion which is so extreme that it seems to hide and cover Hester. On the night of Arthur Dimmesdale vigil, he sees a red A in the sky. And finally, the letter is revealed on Dimmsdale's chest in front of the whole village. The A also takes on many meanings. It has the original meaning as well as different meanings to various characters. To Hester, the A means humiliation. The A to Dimmesdale is a reminder of his own contrition. To Pearl, the A is peculiarity and Roger Chillingworth sees the A as a journey for retaliation. Other then adultery, the A can also stand for "Angel" and "Able". Angel, for it appears in the sky after Governor Winthrop's death. Able, for Hester has won the respect of the Puritans even if she has sinned terribly. Hawthorne uses the prison building to describe crime and punishment in contrast with the tombstone at the end of ... ...t price is Hester's reputation and her standing in the community. Pearl is also a self-contained symbol. The result of her parent's sin is shown in her often imprudent comments and unbridled behavior. Each character in the novel suffers from a sin which they try to crush and bemoan with goodness from their own heart. The Scarlet Letter is a book filled with symbolism. I feel the symbolism helps to relate a situation to a position the reader knows about. The critic which I based this on feels that there is voluminous accounts of symbolism, even too much. I must disagree with this. Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter is an amazingly written book for its time with just the right amount of powerful symbolism.

Casino Royale Essay -- Film Analysis

The James bond film series has captivated its audience for decades with eye-catching gadgets, explosions, and heroism of Agent 007. Over the years that these films have been produced, a variety of actors have played James bond and many actresses have played his love interests. The male roles are portrayed as overly masculine and all of the women are overly sexualized. It seems that in every James bond movie the special agent is beating up twenty guys and saving the lives of various gorgeous women who immediately go to bed with him. The portrayal of men and women in this sort of way set expectations and standards that are far too high for both genders. The characters in the James Bond film series are portrayed in ways that are negatively influencing today’s youth by sexualizing and domesticating women, while the men are violent and chauvinistic Everyone would agree with the statement that James Bond is portrayed to be an alpha male. He is a dominate character. Bond has physical and social power, has control over his emotions, and has his way with women thought the films. In the opening scene of the movie, James Bond is chasing a suspect that he is ordered to capture. Instead of catching his target, agent 007 kills this man. When confronted with his killing, Bond responds casually â€Å"I thought the world could use one less bomb maker.† This man defies his commands and takes human life for no reason and without remorse. In another scene, Bond is in a high stakes poker tournament. After winning a man’s car from him, he has sexual relations with that man’s wife just to get information out of her. Are boys receiving the right message by watching these films? That using women and killing men on a whim are not onl... ...'s Last Line of Defence: Miss Moneypenny And The Desperations Of Filmic Feminism. " Hecate 24.(1998): 93.Academic Search Complete. Web. 24 Feb.2012. Casino Royal. Dir Martin Campbell. Perf. Daniel Craig, Eva Green, Mads Mikkelsen, and Judi Dench. Columbia Pictures, 2006. DVD. Tompkins,Aimee. â€Å"The Psychological Effects of Violent Media on Children.†All Phsych Journal (2003) Web Sharon Snyder-Suhy, et al. "Shaken and Stirred: A Content Analysis Of Women’S Portrayals In James Bond Films. " Sex Roles 62.11/12 (2010): 747-761.Academic Search Complete. Web.24 Feb. 2012. Online The Jackson, James. "The Sexism Inherent in James Bond Films." Suite101.com.15 July 2009.Web. 02 Mar, 2012.james-jackson. suite101. "Movie Body Counts: Charts: Top: Franchises: James Bond. " Movie Body Counts. Web. 04 Mar. 2012. moviebodycounts. com/franchises-bond. html

Long distance trade across Afro-Eurasia

Long distance trade really increased in Afro-Eurasia from 500c. e. to 1500c. e. Some of the reasons for the increase included the introduction of camels, transportation with boats, and transportation on the silk roads. Some of these trade routes were easier to transport stuff more efficiently, but they all were used. Firstly, camels were introduced in about 300c. e.. This was a big upgrade from the donkeys because camels could go up to ten days without drinking water. This made trade easier since camels could make the trek across the Sahara and didn’t need much in return as far as water goes.At one point there were up to 5,000 camels used in the transportation of goods across the Sahara. The camels made it so the Sahara was no longer a barrier for trade from north and south of the Sahara. Transportation over water took a major role in transporting goods. People were no longer just trading valuable goods because it was worth the trip, with boats they could haul a lot of cargo s o they could haul items for the middle and lower class. With boats they could haul enough cargo for mass markets and a bunch of different items such as wood and heavier things that camels or donkeys couldn’t carry.Most of the wood could be taken places by the Sahara where they couldn’t get trees to grow to build houses. Lastly, the silk road was a major part of trading because it wasn’t all about just the goods, they got a lot more other things from the different people trading with them. With the silk roads increasing, it allowed little villages to turn into bigger city/states that were mainly based on trade. They could make a lot of money from taxes by charging people that came on the roads through there city for passing.The silk roads were first mainly based off of silk coming out of China, plus gold and spices getting traded for the silk. Most of the goods being traded were of high value, since it was difficult going so far on foot so it had to be worth it i n the end. These topics are why the trade really increased from 500c. e. to 1500c. e. Some of these reasons were due to transportation with camels, transportation with boats, and transportation on the silk road and how all of these helped spring the trading routes in action. These allowed traders to trade more freely and carry more goods efficiently Long distance trade across Afro-Eurasia Long distance trade really increased in Afro-Eurasia from 500c.e. to 1500c.e. Some of the reasons for the increase included the introduction of camels, transportation with boats, and transportation on the silk roads. Some of these trade routes were easier to transport stuff more efficiently, but they all were used.Firstly, camels were introduced in about 300c.e.. This was a big upgrade from the donkeys because camels could go up to ten days without drinking water. This made trade easier since camels could make the trek across the Sahara and didn’t need much in return as far as water goes. At one point there were up to 5,000 camels used in the transportation of goods across the Sahara. The camels made it so the Sahara was no longer a barrier for trade from north and south of the Sahara.Transportation over water took a major role in transporting goods. People were no longer just trading valuable goods because it was worth the trip, with boats they could haul a lot of cargo so th ey could haul items for the middle and lower class. With boats they could haul enough cargo for mass markets and a bunch of different items such as wood and heavier things that camels or donkeys couldn’t carry. Most of the wood could be taken places by the Sahara where they couldn’t get trees to grow to build houses.Lastly, the silk road was a major part of trading because it wasn’t all about just the goods, they got a lot more other things from the different people trading with them. With the silk roads increasing, it allowed little villages to turn into bigger city/states that were mainly based on trade. They could make a lot of money from taxes by charging people that came on the roads through there city for passing. The silk roads were first mainly based off of silk coming out of China, plus gold and spices getting traded for the silk. Most of the goods being traded were of high value, since it was difficult going so far on foot so it had to be worth it in t he end.These topics are why the trade really increased from 500c.e. to 1500c.e. Some of these reasons were due to transportation with camels, transportation with boats, and transportation on the silk road and how all of these helped spring the trading routes in action. These allowed traders to trade more freely and carry more goods efficiently

Managing Health and Safety at Work Essay

Employers have a general duty under section 2 of the Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 to ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health, safety and welfare of their employees at work. People in control of non-domestic premises have a duty (under section 4 of the Act) towards people who are not their employees but use their premises. The Regulations expand on these duties and are intended to protect the health and safety of everyone in the workplace, and ensure that adequate welfare facilities are provided for people at work. These Regulations aim to ensure that workplaces meet the health, safety and welfare needs of all members of a workforce, including people with disabilities. Several of the Regulations require things to be ‘suitable’. Regulation 2(3) makes it clear that things should be suitable for anyone. This includes people with disabilities. Where necessary, parts of the workplace, including in particular doors, passageways, stairs, showers, washbasins, lavatories and workstations, should be made accessible for disabled people. Under Section 8 of the Act the employer has a duty to ensure the employees’ safety, health and welfare at work as far as is reasonably practicable. In order to prevent workplace injuries and ill health the employer is required, among other things, to: * Provide and maintain a safe workplace which uses safe plant and equipment * Prevent risks from use of any article or substance and from exposure to physical agents, noise and vibration * Prevent any improper conduct or behaviour likely to put the safety, health and welfare of employees at risk * Provide instruction and training to employees on health and safety * Provide protective clothing and equipment to employees * Appointing a competent person as the organisation’s Safety Officer Employees’ duties The duties of employees while at work are set out in Section 13 of the Act. These include the following: * To take reasonable care to protect the health and safety of themselves and of other people in the workplace * Not to engage in improper behaviour that will endanger themselves or others * Not to be under the influence of drink or drugs in the workplace * To undergo any reasonable medical or other assessment if requested to do so by the employer * To report any defects in the place of work or equipment which might be a danger to health and safety Risk assessment and safety statement Under the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act 2005 every employer is required to carry out a risk assessment for the workplace which should identify any hazards present in the workplace, assess the risks arising from such hazards and identify the steps to be taken to deal with any risks. The employer must also prepare a safety statement which is based on the risk assessment. The statement should also contain the details of people in the workforce who are responsible for safety issues. Employees should be given access to this statement and employers should review it on a regular basis. The Health and Safety Authority has published guidelines on risk assessments and safety statements (pdf). Protective equipment and measures The employer should tell employees about any risks that require the wearing of protective equipment. The employer should provide protective equipment (such as protective clothing, headgear, footwear, eyewear, gloves) together with training on how to use it, where necessary. An employee is under a duty to take reasonable care for his/her own safety and to use any protective equipment supplied. The protective equipment should be provided free of charge to employees if it is intended for use at the workplace only. Usually, employees should be provided with their own personal equipment. There is a range of measures that employers must take in regard to visual display units (VDUs). These include examining the reflection and glare, the operator’s position in front of the VDU, the keyboard and the software used. Operators must be given adequate breaks from the VDU. In addition, employers must arrange for eye tests and, if required, make a contribution towards the purchase of prescrip tion eyeglasses. The Health and Safety Authority (HSA) has published a list of frequently asked questions about display screen equipment (VDUs). Reporting accidents All accidents in the workplace should be reported to the employer, who should record the details of the incident. Reporting the accident will help to safeguard social welfare and other rights which may arise as a result of an occupational accident. An employer is obliged to report any accident that results in an employee missing 3 consecutive days at work (not including the day of the accident) to the Health and Safety Authority. Health and safety leave An employer should carry out separate risk assessments in relation to pregnant employees. If there are particular risks to an employee’s pregnancy, these should be either removed or the employee moved away from them. Under Section 18 of the Maternity Protection Act 1994 if neither of these options is possible, the employee should be given health and safety leave from work, which may continue up the beginning of maternity leave. If a doctor certifies that night work would be unsuitable for a pregnant employee, the employee must be given alternative work or health and safety leave. Following an employee’s return to work after maternity leave, if there is any risk to the employee because she has recently given birth or is breastfeeding, it should be removed. If this is not possible, the employee should be moved to alternative work. If it is not possible for the employee to be assigned alternative work, she should be given health and safety leave. If night work is certified by a doctor as being unsuitable after the birth, alternative work should be provided. If alternative work cannot be provided, the employee should be given health and safety leave. Time spent on health and safety leave is treated as though the employee has been in employment, and this time can be used to accumulate annual leave entitlement. The employee is not entitled to leave for any public holidays that occur during health and safety leave. During health and safety leave, employers must pay employees their normal wages for the first 21 days (3 weeks), after which Health and Safety Benefit may be paid. Health and safety and young people An employer should carry out a separate risk assessment in relation to an employee under 18 years of age. This risk assessment should be carried out before the young person is employed. If certain risks are present, including risks that cannot be recognised or avoided by the young person due to factors like lack of experience, the young person should not be employed. Violence in the workplace The possibility of violence towards employees should be addressed in the safety statement. For example, factors like the isolation of employees and the presence of cash on the premises need to be taken into account. Proper safeguards should be put into place to eliminate the risk of violence as far as possible and the employee should be provided with appropriate means of minimising the remaining risk, for example, security glass. Bullying One of the employer’s duties is to prevent improper conduct or behaviour (which includes bullying). An employer should have established procedures for dealing with complaints of bullying in the workplace and deal with such complaints immediately. Ignoring complaints of bullying could leave an employer open to a possible claim for damages by an employee. It is advisable for an employer to have an established grievance procedure to deal with complaints of bullying. An employee who feels that he or she is the victim of bullying can also refer the matter to a Rights Commissioner – see ‘How to apply’ below. The Code of Practice for Employers and Employees on the Prevention and Resolution of Bullying at Work (pdf) sets out guidance notes for addressing bullying in the workplace. Harassment The Employment Equality Acts 1998-2011 place an obligation on all employers in Ireland to prevent harassment in the workplace. Under this law, you are entitled to bring a claim to the Equality Tribunal and your employer may be obliged to pay you compensation if you are harassed by reason of your gender, civil status, family status, sexual orientation, age, disability, race, religious belief or membership of the Traveller community. Victimisation Under the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act 2005 the employee may not be victimised for exercising his or her rights under safety and health legislation such as making a complaint. This means that the employer may not penalise an employee by dismissal or in some other way, for example, by disciplinary action or by being treated less favourably than other employees – see ‘Enforcing your rights’ below. Health and Safety Authority The Health and Safety Authority – see ‘Where to apply’ below is responsible for enforcing health and safety at work in Ireland. It provides information to employers, employees and self-employed people on workplace health and safety. Its publications include a Short Guide to the Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act 2005 (pdf) and a set of Simple Safety leaflets which are aimed at small retail or food businesses in particular. The Simple Safety leaflets are available in other languages.