Glass Ceiling in Corporate America Essay - 1245 Words

The Glass Ceiling: Fact or Illusion The glass ceiling is it a fact or an illusion? The two words â€Å"Glass Ceiling† are used to describe the barrier that exists for women and minorities-when it comes to getting promoted into the upper echelons of a company. Does the ceiling exist or is it a figment of the imagination? The writer intentions are to present a picture of that ceiling, and show how it plays a part in corporate America. That in fact the ceiling is an injustice being done to women and minorities, and it does exist. Glass is clear, something that can be seen through. A ceiling is the overhead surface of a room, the end point of how high the room is. â€Å"If glass ceilings existed, they would allow people to see through to the world†¦show more content†¦It seems to be that the biggest barrier to women and minorities at top management levels is the bunch of boys sitting around a table making all the decisions. In other words when a decision has to be made concerning who should be promoted to senior management, male corporate leaders are inclined to select people as much like themselves as possible - so there is no astonishment that women and minorities are often not even considered at promotion time. The guys at the top look at their former colleagues and old school ties as resource pools. The first light was shed by the bipartisan Glass Ceiling Commission report on corporate America’s dismal record of advancing women and minorities to upper-level management and decision-making positions. â€Å"U.S. Labor Secretary Robert Reich headed the commission. The results are stark. In 1992, white males, while making up only 43% of the total labor force at Fortune 1,000 Industrial and Fortune 500 Service companies, were 97% of the senior level decision making positions. The paper includes multiple examples of the biased policies many-but not all-white corporate officers’ employ to support their exclusionary decisions†. (Black Enterprise, Sept 1995 v26 n2 p22). Minority men and women still lag behind in holding high management positions. It tends to be that those who are fortunate enough to get promoted into those positions serve only as tokens, or as company quotas that have to beShow MoreRelatedThe And Glass Ceiling Is Real1561 Words   |  7 Pages 2017 And Glass Ceiling Is Real In the United States of America, men seem to want full control. Corporations, organizations, schools even religions have been created by men and for men and they have great opposition to women infiltrating their management positions. Men have created glass ceilings for women in the workplace. A glass ceiling is an artificial barrier that allows women to see the top of the corporate ladder, but at the same time denies them access to the higher rungs of that ladderRead MoreThe Glass Ceiling and How Gender Discrimination Affects Women1277 Words   |  6 PagesThe Glass Ceiling and How Gender Discrimination Affects Women Does Father really know best? In Corporate America, men seem to want full control. Our organizations have been created by men for men and they have great opposition to women infiltrating their management positions. Men have created glass ceilings for women in the workplace. A glass ceiling is an artificial barrier that allows women to see the top of the corporate ladder but at the same time denies them access to the higher rungsRead MorePushing the Glass Ceiling1840 Words   |  7 PagesWomen have been pushing at the glass ceiling for years, but have yet to shatter it. The glass ceiling has prevented women from reaching their highest potential in the work force. The inequality between men and women has been prevalent because of unfair stereotypes and the idea that women are unfit leaders. Ann Morrison describes the glass ceiling as a barrier â€Å"so subtle that it is transparent, yet so strong that it prevents women from moving up the corporate hierarchy†(Empowering Wom en). It is oftenRead MoreEssay on The Glass Ceiling for Women in the Workforce1119 Words   |  5 Pages In America many groups have fought hard to gain equality in treatment, rights, and everyday living standards. Women are included amongst these groups. At one point in history women were not allowed to vote or carry the same positions as men in work. Due to amendments and affirmative action these hindrances for women have been abolished. What still remains to day is the inner struggle within jobs also known as glass ceilings? Glass ceilings are daily obstacles for most women in theirRead MoreWomen s Leadership And The Barriers That Women Face Essay1712 Words   |  7 Pages Women run the World. Women are essential to the world, without women the world would not be able to continue to populate and grow. So why are women not given the credit that they deserve in the corporate world? In this paper I will be discussing what women go through in leadership, the pros and cons of women in leadership and the barriers that women face in the work place. I will also discuss the role that men play in leadership and the different leadership styles that men have comparedRead MoreThe Glass Ceiling Is An Invisible Barrier At The Top Of The Corporate Ladder1639 Words   |  7 Pagesshatter the glass ceiling because corporate America is male dominated. Although few have made it to the top of the corporate ladder, a man will override women in many professions. Female’s are paid less than their male counterparts across multiple industries in the United States. The â€Å"glass ceiling† is an invisible barrier at the top of the corporate ladder. The glass ceiling has always been a particular problem in the labor market, especially with the advancement of capitalism. The glass ceilingRead MoreThe Glass Ceiling : A Human Capitalist Perspective1687 Words   |  7 PagesThe Glass Ceiling: A Human Capitalist Perspective The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from advancing into upper management (Bell 67). Despite extensive legislation and the widespread implementation of equal opportunity policies, there is still widespread structural inequality and job segregation in organizations throughout the United States. The level of the `glass ceiling varies among organizations and is reflected in different employment patterns, hiringRead MoreThe Glass Ceiling: A Human Capitalist Perspective Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pages The glass ceiling is an invisible barrier preventing women and minorities from advancing into upper management (Bell 67). Despite extensive legislation and the widespread implementation of equal opportunity policies, there is still widespread structural inequality and job segregation in organizations throughout the United States. The level of the `glass ceiling varies among organizations and is reflected in different employment patterns, hiring pract ices, and promotion plans (Adler 451). TheRead MoreWomen Of The Corporate World987 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in The Corporate World Working Women A lack of women present in top leadership and technological positions has been a topic of discussion for many years. With more women than men graduating from college in the U.S., why is it that only 15.7% of board seats of Fortune 500 companies occupied by women (â€Å"Why is There†¦Ã¢â‚¬  2014)? The gender issue that is of critical importance to American society is the lack of women in corporate and technological positions. The reasons why this is important is forRead More The History and Breakdown of the Glass Ceiling Essay2272 Words   |  10 Pagesof the Glass Ceiling The term the glass ceiling first came into use in 1986 when two Wall Street Journal reporters coined the phrase to describe the invisible barrier that blocks women from the top jobs in corporate America. (Glass Ceiling Commission,Successful Initiatives ). Since then the metaphor has also been applied to the barriers of minorities. The Glass Ceiling Effect has been around for approximately 50 years. In my opinion it is on its way out the door. Corporate Officers

Government Assistance For Needy Families - 867 Words

In life things do not always go as planned, we run into some rough patches. For example, one can suddenly get fired from their job but that does not stop the bills from rolling in especially when there is a family to take care of, in situations like this financial help can really be useful. Welfare programs like the â€Å" temporary assistance for needy families† purpose is give money to a group of parents and dependent children living together in a household. Another way that the government has been helping is by offering food stamps, food stamps provide a monthly wage to help keep the family in need feed. Unfortunately many will be cut off from food stamp in 2016 because the waivers have expired, as many as a million people will no longer receive it. There are those that believe government assistance is making a mistake with these welfare programs. After doing some research, their reason for feeling this way is because they think that it is making people in these programs m ore dependent saying â€Å"they will no longer wish to work because they won t receive the profits gained from the governments help anymore.† Even though there are some that take advantage of the help they receive, helping the less fortunate is priority number one. Most forms of government welfare should not be abolished because it offers assistance for those in need. Life can get tough, especially when there’s children involved. Without welfare, the standard level of crimes will increase. There are manyShow MoreRelatedGovernment Assistance For Needy Families932 Words   |  4 Pagesstop the bills from rolling in especially when there is a family to take care of, in situations like this financial help can really be useful. Welfare programs like the â€Å" temporary assistance for needy families† purpose is give money to a group of parents and dependent children living together in a household. Another way that the government has been helping is by offering food stamps, food stamps provide a monthly wage to help keep the family in need feed. Unfortunately many will be cut off from foodRead MoreThe Temporary Assistance For Needy Families1536 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract This paper discusses the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program that was established in 1996. It examines the development and goals of the policy as well as addresses the target population that benefits from this program. A review of the agencies associated with TANF and the benefits the program provides to its clients is also given. In addition, the funding sources of TANF are addressed. Lastly, it examines the social issue this program is meant to address. Policy PaperRead MoreWelfare And Charity : Social And Individual Responsibility960 Words   |  4 Pageslive a prosperous life while providing for yourself and your family. Unfortunately this was not always the case. Thus this was especially untrue when the Great Depression emerged after the stock market crashed in 1929. This was one of the hardest times America had faced on an economic level; the citizens of the USA were suffering. Thousands of single mothers were left with the choice of going to work to maintain a roof over their families’ heads or tending to their children and risk being homelessRead MoreWelfare Reform Essays584 Words   |  3 PagesReconciliation Act of 1996 (PRWORA), Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) replaced AFDC, ending some Federal responsibility to welfare assistance. States operate their own programs; determine eligibility services to be provided to needy families, within Federal guidelines. The Federal government cannot regulate the co nduct of states except to a few requirements, and states have a wide latitude in administering the program to provide assistance to needy families so that children can be cared for inRead MoreIn Examining Tanf (Transitional Assistance To Needy Families),1707 Words   |  7 PagesIn examining TANF (Transitional Assistance to Needy Families), it is important to look into the past to understand how the program has evolved into its current state. The first inception of the program in its infancy, had one sole purpose, â€Å"to provide financial assistance to needy children†, therefore providing government funds to the dependents, and not parents. The 1950’s brought an expansion of the program including providing financial assistance to the mother of the child, however excluded bothRead MorePoverty Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pagesworld, the United States has families and communities who are struggling to survive with low income that puts them in the either below poverty wh o are known as low class, or right on top of poverty which are known as the middles class. This social problems has caused impact on the United States, However there are many solutions to getting out of poverty, such as government assistance. Government Assistance is defined as government aid programs granted by the government for those who are either elderlyRead MoreThe Significance of the Social Security Act to Social Work Practice 1454 Words   |  6 Pagescrippled children, children and maternal welfare, public health, and the administration of their unemployment compensation laws (Aviles, 2012). The goal of this was to make sure that the government took some responsibility and found a way to provide for those who were suffering. The goal was to ensure that families stayed intact and that they received help so that they could make through everyday life. other goals of social security are to In order for that goal to be a reality, there had to be provisionRead MoreSocial Servi ce Delivery Is A Mechanism Through Which The1286 Words   |  6 Pagesservice delivery is a mechanism through which the social programs are delivered to the needy one by private or public agencies. Social programs are designed to deliver significant social goals thereby meeting ongoing needs of people. In the past, when people needed help they initially turned to their families as the helping resource. Now a day, it is practically difficult for many people to access help from their families as problems became more complex, especially mental health and social problems, otherRead MoreThe Human Service Field Is An Interdisciplinary Profession1575 Words   |  7 PagesThe Human Service field is an interdisciplinary profession that focuses on ways to improve social problems and the quality of life for families and communities that may have been or are currently being faced with oppression. Human Service professionals generally work with individuals in efforts to help get their needs me t. The title of a Human Service professional could fall under a number of different careers. Although human services and social work may seem to be classified as the same kind ofRead MoreWelfare Reform Helped Help Alleviate Poverty Essay959 Words   |  4 Pageseach year under the poverty line. One might have trouble paying for child care, medical assistance, or even feeding their own children. One might struggle in finding a stable job or have a difficult time paying for security income. In my paper, I will discuss how welfare poverty has affected the U.S, what type of people are involved in the process, and how one can help provide cash payments for needy families who are under the given poverty line. What does it mean to have poverty? In my opinion

Islamic Architecture Free Essays

Structuralisms Architecture Islamic architecture encompasses a wide range of both secular and religious styles from the foundation of Islam to the present day, influencing the design and construction of buildings and structures in Islamic culture. What is Islam? * The name of the religion is Islam, which comes from an Arabic root word meaning â€Å"peace† and â€Å"submission. † * Islam teaches that one can only find peace in one’s life by submitting to Almighty God (Allah) in heart, soul and deed. We will write a custom essay sample on Islamic Architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now * The same Arabic root word gives us â€Å"Salaam Alaskan,† (â€Å"Peace be with you†), the universal Muslim reediting. Geographical * The Moslem faith flourished in the countries of Southern Asia and North Africa. * Other important communities include Zanzibar, Madagascar and China. * In the 20th century mobility, Islam was brought throughout the world as far as Sydney and South shields. * The spread of Islam has been frequently associated with military conquest, racial movements and in some cases with the consequent displacement of established populations. * The most important were the Arab expansion northwards and westwards out of the Arabian peninsula, and the drive of the Turkish ND Mongol groups South, Southeast and Southwest of Central Asia. The Islamic world Geological * The countries into which Islam first expanded were already rich in building tradition and the important techniques of exploitation of natural resources for building work and trade in building materials had long been established. * Brick making and pipes’ walling was almost universal in the alluvial plains * Cooling effect of structures with very heavy walls and high rooms has been widely exploited. * Unprotected circulation are common. History * A. D. 622 – the year of the Hegira, when Mohammed moved from Mecca to Medina. Immediately after his death in 632 – the concerted efforts of the Arabian Tibet carried death as conquerors into Central Asia and westward towards the Atlantic. Social * The Arab group which were the spearhead of advanced Islam ,were essentially tribal, and in consequence the behavior patterns and attributes of emergent Islamic societies were based on traditions of the desert. * Public life was reserved for men. * Women play a secondary role, to be part of the household – the harem. In public, she is protected by the anonymity of the veil. * Equality was only granted to the Aromatic groups. * â€Å"peoples of the book† -Jews and Christians * Freedom of worship and interval government. Religious * Islam is the last of the three great religions of the middle east. * Its essence is contained in a simple sentence, which is both the profession of faith and the credo of its adherents * There is only one God and his prophet Mohammed. * Philosophy of life and government. * The Koran – is regarded as the revelation through the medium of the prophet Mohammed. * The Width – is the collection of his sayings or injunctions and is of lesser weight. The law – is extracted from the prophet’s instructions, from tradition and sample. * An acceptance of the transitory nature of earthly life; personal humility; an abhorrence of images worship. * The important architectural endeavor is normally expended on buildings having a direct social or community purpose, including worships; that decorations tends toward the abstract, using geometric, calligraphic and plant motifs , with a preference for a uniform field of decoration rather than a focal element; and that a basic conservatism discouraged innovations and favored established forms Terminologies * Massed (Persia, India) – mosque or a place of worship. * Jam – mosque, principal place of worship, or use of the building for Friday prayers * Messed (Turkey) – small * Salami – men’s or prayer house * Madras (Egypt) * Menders (Turkey) – religious college and mosque. * Sara; Sera – palace Building Components * Miramar – niche oriented towards Mecca * Member – raised platform for ceremonial announcements open-fronted vault facing on to a court * ABA – gateway * Sans – courtyard of a mosque * Minaret – tower from which call to prayer was made. Harem – women’s or private quarter’s of a house or palace quest’s quarters * Kibble; Kibble – axis oriented towards Mecca * Chatter (India) – kiosk Personnel * Muezzin – caller who summons the faithful to prayer * Imam – man who leads the congregation at prayer * ‘wan; Ivan (Persia) – * Caliph – successor to the prophet as military, Judicial and spiritual leader of Islam Architectural Character * Majority of Islamic buildings are fundamentally related to a principal axis. This axis is frequently extended into a formal landscape which is integral part of the sign. The prime axis was the kibble, the general concept was derived from the line of balance and symmetry implicit in the concept of perfect creation, as seen in gardens and buildings. * Islamic architecture is centered upon God. At its heart is the Mosque and inward – looking building whose prime purpose is contemplation and prayer. * Mosque may s erve as a school, transactions may be made there and storage for treasures. * Minaret – a tower from whose top the Muezzin gave the call to prayer. * Miramar – a niche where the leader of the congregation (the Imam) sakes his prayers. Menders/Madras – college * Han/Caravanserai’s – the hostel * The courtyard – the sides were punctuated with gateways, prayer chambers, or arched porches ‘wants. Architecture Forms and Styles of Mosques and buildings in Muslim countries Forms – Many forms of Islamic architecture have evolved in different regions of the Islamic world. These mosques are square or rectangular in plan with an enclosed courtyard and a covered prayer hall. Sheehan – The traditional Islamic courtyard, a Sheehan in Arabic, is found in secular and religious structures. When within a accidence or other secular building is a private courtyard and walled garden. A Sheehan – courtyard is in within almost every mosque in Islamic architecture. The courtyards are open to the sky and surrounded on all sides by structures with halls and rooms, and often a shaded semi-open arcade. Arabesque – An element of Islamic art usually found decorating the walls and window screens of mosques and Muslim homes and buildings, the arabesque is an elaborate application of repeating geometric forms that often echo the forms of plants, shapes and sometimes animals (specifically birds). Calligraphy – is associated with geometric Islamic art (the Arabesque) on the walls and ceilings of mosques. Contemporary artists in the Islamic world draw on the heritage of calligraphy to use calligraphic inscriptions or abstractions in their work. Examples Mosque – A Muslim house of worship Minaret – A tall tower in, or continuous to a mosque arch stairs leading up to one or more balconies from which the faithful are called to prayer. Kiosk – a small pavilion, usually open, built in gardens and parks Pointed arch – a two- and four- centered and generally constructed a true arch, Hough corbelled examples were common in India. How to cite Islamic Architecture, Papers

A Level Titration Lab Report free essay sample

A titration is a method of analysis that will allow you to determine the precise endpoint of a reaction and the precise quantity of reactant in the titration flask. A burette is used to deliver the second reactant to the flask and an indicator is used to detect the endpoint of the reaction. So a chemical reaction is set up between a known volume of a solution of unknown concentration and a known volume of a solution with a known concentration Method: You will need: * Solution of ‘acid rain’ (dilute sulphuric acid) * Sodium hydroxide solution, 0. 1mol dm-3 * 250cm3 conical flask * 10cm3 pipette and filler * Burette * Phenolphthalein indicator. * Clamp * Funnel * White tile (to help reading endpoint) Firstly prepare your burette, your burette should be filled with 0. 1mol dom-3 of the sodium hydroxide solution. When filling a burette, close the stopcock at the bottom and use a funnel. Check for air bubbles and leaks, before proceeding. We will write a custom essay sample on A Level Titration Lab Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page To remove any air bubbles tap the side of the burette while the solution is flowing slowly. This is because if an air bubble is present during a titration the volume readings may be wrong. Take a volume reading and record the volume of solution in a table (see fig 1). Read the bottom of the meniscus. You need to make sure your eye is at the level of meniscus, not above or below because reading from an angle, rather than straight on will result in a parallax error. Use a pipette to transfer 10cm3 of the ‘acid rain’ sample to a 250cm3 conical flask. Add 5 drops of Phenolphthalein indicator. Use the burette to deliver small amounts of the solution to the titration flask by turning the stopcock. The indicator will change colour when the required amount for neutralisation mixes with the solution in the flask, it will become a permanent pale pink colour. This is the endpoint and should be approached slowly; it needs to be a permanent pale pink for 20 seconds. Carry out several more titrations approaching the endpoint more slowly and watch the colour of your flask carefully. Rinse the flask with distilled water each time until you reach two volumes that agree to within 0. 1cm3. Record your readings in your table (fig 1) and calculate the volume of sodium hydroxide you have used. The first attempt will be a ‘rough’ titration; it will have gone beyond the end-point and added more sodium hydroxide than is needed to react with the acid in the flask. However this will give you a general idea of what the end-point is. Results and Calculations: Figure 1. The table shows the results from the titration: | | Accurate| | | Rough| 1| 2| 3| Final burette reading (cm3)| 15. 20| 14. 70| 29. 35| | Starting burette reading (cm3)| 0. 00| 0. 00| 14. 70| | Volume used from burette (cm3)| 15. 20| 14. 70| 14. 65| | Titre: 14. 70cm3 Figure 2. The table shows the calculation of the concentration in the acid rain sample: | SodiumHydroxide| SulphuricAcid| SodiumSulphate| Water| Molar Ratio| 2| 1| 1| 2| Concentration| 0. 10 mol dm-3| 0. 0735 mol dm-3| | | Volume| 0. 0147 dm-3| 0. 010 dm-3| | | Mol| 0. 00147 mol| 0. 000735 mol| | | The titre is 14. 70cm3 so I was able to calculate in the above table that the acid concentration is 0. 0735 mol dm-3. Evaluation: Sources of procedural errors: 1. *The first drop of titrant that causes colour change of the indicator is hard to judge. Even in the more careful titration (after determining the rough endpoint), the precise endpoint might be missed by a drop or two due to missing the indicator colour change. In our example this might give higher acid concentration than the real concentration. . Mistake in reading the volume in the burette due to misreading the meniscus. (parallax, reading the volume at an angle), this can cause over or underestimation of the analytic concentration. Air bubbles in the burette tap, might lead to accidently adding more NaOH as the titrant shoots up (this leads to overestimation of the acid concentration). 8. Unclean glassware contaminated from previous experiments. 9. Not transferring all acid solution (shaky hands leading to loosing part of the solution while transferring and thus underestimating acid amount). 10. Losing solution from titration flask before the end point due to too vigorous swirling. Leaking burette – giving at the endpoint higher reading than what was really used (overestimation of the acid). I have identified that 1 and 3 of the procedural errors would have the most impact on my overall results because firstly I rinse the flask with distilled water not H2SO4 and secondly it was first my titration and do not have the experience to judge the exact required shade of pink.